#include "lisiblepng.h" #include "lisiblepng/assert.h" #include "lisiblepng/deflate.h" #include "lisiblepng/log.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #define PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH 8 const uint8_t PNG_SIGNATURE[PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH] = {0x89, 0x50, 0x4E, 0x47, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x1A, 0x0A}; #define IHDR_CHUNK_TYPE 0x49484452 #define IEND_CHUNK_TYPE 0x49454e44 #define IDAT_CHUNK_TYPE 0x49444154 const uint32_t CRC32_TABLE[256] = { 0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xEE0E612C, 0x990951BA, 0x076DC419, 0x706AF48F, 0xE963A535, 0x9E6495A3, 0x0EDB8832, 0x79DCB8A4, 0xE0D5E91E, 0x97D2D988, 0x09B64C2B, 0x7EB17CBD, 0xE7B82D07, 0x90BF1D91, 0x1DB71064, 0x6AB020F2, 0xF3B97148, 0x84BE41DE, 0x1ADAD47D, 0x6DDDE4EB, 0xF4D4B551, 0x83D385C7, 0x136C9856, 0x646BA8C0, 0xFD62F97A, 0x8A65C9EC, 0x14015C4F, 0x63066CD9, 0xFA0F3D63, 0x8D080DF5, 0x3B6E20C8, 0x4C69105E, 0xD56041E4, 0xA2677172, 0x3C03E4D1, 0x4B04D447, 0xD20D85FD, 0xA50AB56B, 0x35B5A8FA, 0x42B2986C, 0xDBBBC9D6, 0xACBCF940, 0x32D86CE3, 0x45DF5C75, 0xDCD60DCF, 0xABD13D59, 0x26D930AC, 0x51DE003A, 0xC8D75180, 0xBFD06116, 0x21B4F4B5, 0x56B3C423, 0xCFBA9599, 0xB8BDA50F, 0x2802B89E, 0x5F058808, 0xC60CD9B2, 0xB10BE924, 0x2F6F7C87, 0x58684C11, 0xC1611DAB, 0xB6662D3D, 0x76DC4190, 0x01DB7106, 0x98D220BC, 0xEFD5102A, 0x71B18589, 0x06B6B51F, 0x9FBFE4A5, 0xE8B8D433, 0x7807C9A2, 0x0F00F934, 0x9609A88E, 0xE10E9818, 0x7F6A0DBB, 0x086D3D2D, 0x91646C97, 0xE6635C01, 0x6B6B51F4, 0x1C6C6162, 0x856530D8, 0xF262004E, 0x6C0695ED, 0x1B01A57B, 0x8208F4C1, 0xF50FC457, 0x65B0D9C6, 0x12B7E950, 0x8BBEB8EA, 0xFCB9887C, 0x62DD1DDF, 0x15DA2D49, 0x8CD37CF3, 0xFBD44C65, 0x4DB26158, 0x3AB551CE, 0xA3BC0074, 0xD4BB30E2, 0x4ADFA541, 0x3DD895D7, 0xA4D1C46D, 0xD3D6F4FB, 0x4369E96A, 0x346ED9FC, 0xAD678846, 0xDA60B8D0, 0x44042D73, 0x33031DE5, 0xAA0A4C5F, 0xDD0D7CC9, 0x5005713C, 0x270241AA, 0xBE0B1010, 0xC90C2086, 0x5768B525, 0x206F85B3, 0xB966D409, 0xCE61E49F, 0x5EDEF90E, 0x29D9C998, 0xB0D09822, 0xC7D7A8B4, 0x59B33D17, 0x2EB40D81, 0xB7BD5C3B, 0xC0BA6CAD, 0xEDB88320, 0x9ABFB3B6, 0x03B6E20C, 0x74B1D29A, 0xEAD54739, 0x9DD277AF, 0x04DB2615, 0x73DC1683, 0xE3630B12, 0x94643B84, 0x0D6D6A3E, 0x7A6A5AA8, 0xE40ECF0B, 0x9309FF9D, 0x0A00AE27, 0x7D079EB1, 0xF00F9344, 0x8708A3D2, 0x1E01F268, 0x6906C2FE, 0xF762575D, 0x806567CB, 0x196C3671, 0x6E6B06E7, 0xFED41B76, 0x89D32BE0, 0x10DA7A5A, 0x67DD4ACC, 0xF9B9DF6F, 0x8EBEEFF9, 0x17B7BE43, 0x60B08ED5, 0xD6D6A3E8, 0xA1D1937E, 0x38D8C2C4, 0x4FDFF252, 0xD1BB67F1, 0xA6BC5767, 0x3FB506DD, 0x48B2364B, 0xD80D2BDA, 0xAF0A1B4C, 0x36034AF6, 0x41047A60, 0xDF60EFC3, 0xA867DF55, 0x316E8EEF, 0x4669BE79, 0xCB61B38C, 0xBC66831A, 0x256FD2A0, 0x5268E236, 0xCC0C7795, 0xBB0B4703, 0x220216B9, 0x5505262F, 0xC5BA3BBE, 0xB2BD0B28, 0x2BB45A92, 0x5CB36A04, 0xC2D7FFA7, 0xB5D0CF31, 0x2CD99E8B, 0x5BDEAE1D, 0x9B64C2B0, 0xEC63F226, 0x756AA39C, 0x026D930A, 0x9C0906A9, 0xEB0E363F, 0x72076785, 0x05005713, 0x95BF4A82, 0xE2B87A14, 0x7BB12BAE, 0x0CB61B38, 0x92D28E9B, 0xE5D5BE0D, 0x7CDCEFB7, 0x0BDBDF21, 0x86D3D2D4, 0xF1D4E242, 0x68DDB3F8, 0x1FDA836E, 0x81BE16CD, 0xF6B9265B, 0x6FB077E1, 0x18B74777, 0x88085AE6, 0xFF0F6A70, 0x66063BCA, 0x11010B5C, 0x8F659EFF, 0xF862AE69, 0x616BFFD3, 0x166CCF45, 0xA00AE278, 0xD70DD2EE, 0x4E048354, 0x3903B3C2, 0xA7672661, 0xD06016F7, 0x4969474D, 0x3E6E77DB, 0xAED16A4A, 0xD9D65ADC, 0x40DF0B66, 0x37D83BF0, 0xA9BCAE53, 0xDEBB9EC5, 0x47B2CF7F, 0x30B5FFE9, 0xBDBDF21C, 0xCABAC28A, 0x53B39330, 0x24B4A3A6, 0xBAD03605, 0xCDD70693, 0x54DE5729, 0x23D967BF, 0xB3667A2E, 0xC4614AB8, 0x5D681B02, 0x2A6F2B94, 0xB40BBE37, 0xC30C8EA1, 0x5A05DF1B, 0x2D02EF8D}; struct LisPng { uint8_t *data; size_t width; size_t height; LisPngColourType colour_type; uint8_t bits_per_sample; }; LisPngColourType LisPng_colour_type(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); return png->colour_type; } uint8_t LisPng_bits_per_sample(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); return png->bits_per_sample; } uint8_t *LisPng_data_ptr(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); return png->data; } uint32_t LisPng_width(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); return png->width; } uint32_t LisPng_height(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); return png->height; } uint8_t LisPngColourType_sample_count(const LisPngColourType colour_type) { switch (colour_type) { case LisPngColourType_Greyscale: return 1; case LisPngColourType_Truecolour: return 3; case LisPngColourType_IndexedColour: return 1; case LisPngColourType_GreyscaleWithAlpha: return 2; case LisPngColourType_TruecolourWithAlpha: return 4; default: LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Unknown colour type"); abort(); } } typedef struct { FILE *stream; #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC uint32_t computed_crc; #endif // LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC } DeflateDecompressor; void DeflateDecompressor_init(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, FILE *stream) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(stream != NULL); ctx->stream = stream; #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC ctx->computed_crc = 0xFFFFFFFFu; #endif // LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC } void ParsingContext_crc_reset(DeflateDecompressor *ctx) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC ctx->computed_crc = 0xFFFFFFFFu; #endif // LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC } #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC uint32_t ParsingContext_computed_crc(DeflateDecompressor *ctx) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); return ctx->computed_crc ^ 0xFFFFFFFFu; } #endif // LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC long ParsingContext_cursor_position(DeflateDecompressor *ctx) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); return ftell(ctx->stream); } bool ParsingContext_skip_bytes(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, size_t byte_count) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); if (fseek(ctx->stream, byte_count, SEEK_CUR) != 0) { LPNG_LOG_ERR("Couldn't skip bytes: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } return true; } bool ParsingContext_parse_bytes(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, size_t byte_count, uint8_t *output_buffer) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(output_buffer != NULL); if (fread(output_buffer, 1, byte_count, ctx->stream) < byte_count) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Couldn't parse bytes, EOF reached"); return false; } #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC for (size_t i = 0; i < byte_count; i++) { const uint32_t index = (ctx->computed_crc ^ output_buffer[i]) & 0xFF; ctx->computed_crc = (ctx->computed_crc >> 8) ^ CRC32_TABLE[index]; } #endif // LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC return true; } bool ParsingContext_parse_uint32_t(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, uint32_t *output_u32) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(output_u32 != NULL); uint8_t bytes[4]; if (!ParsingContext_parse_bytes(ctx, 4, bytes)) { return false; } *output_u32 = (bytes[0] << 24) + (bytes[1] << 16) + (bytes[2] << 8) + bytes[3]; return true; } bool ParsingContext_parse_uint8_t(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, uint8_t *output_u8) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(output_u8 != NULL); if (!ParsingContext_parse_bytes(ctx, 1, output_u8)) { return false; } return true; } bool matches_png_signature(uint8_t signature[PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH]) { return memcmp(signature, PNG_SIGNATURE, PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH) == 0; } #define PARSE_FIELD(type, field) \ do { \ if (!ParsingContext_parse_##type(ctx, &field)) { \ return false; \ } \ } while (0) typedef struct { uint32_t width; uint32_t height; uint8_t bit_depth; uint8_t colour_type; uint8_t compression_method; uint8_t filter_method; uint8_t interlace_method; } ImageHeader; typedef struct { size_t length; uint8_t *data; } ImageData; void ImageHeader_print_image_header(const ImageHeader *image_header) { ASSERT(image_header != NULL); LPNG_LOG_DBG("Image header:\n" "- dimensions: %dx%d\n" "- bit depth: %d\n" "- colour type: %d\n" "- compression method: %d\n" "- filter method: %d\n" "- interlace method: %d", image_header->width, image_header->height, image_header->bit_depth, image_header->colour_type, image_header->compression_method, image_header->filter_method, image_header->interlace_method); } bool ParsingContext_validate_crc_if_required(DeflateDecompressor *ctx) { #ifdef LPNG_COMPUTE_CRC uint32_t computed_crc = ParsingContext_computed_crc(ctx); uint32_t crc; PARSE_FIELD(uint32_t, crc); if (computed_crc != crc) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Invalid CRC checksum"); return false; } #else ParsingContext_skip_bytes(ctx, sizeof(uint32_t)); #endif return true; } bool is_valid_bit_depth(uint8_t bit_depth) { return bit_depth == 1 || bit_depth == 2 || bit_depth == 4 || bit_depth == 8 || bit_depth == 16; } bool parse_IHDR_chunk(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, ImageHeader *image_header) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(image_header != NULL); uint32_t length; PARSE_FIELD(uint32_t, length); ParsingContext_crc_reset(ctx); uint32_t type; PARSE_FIELD(uint32_t, type); if (type != IHDR_CHUNK_TYPE) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Expected IHDR chunk"); return false; } long data_start = ParsingContext_cursor_position(ctx); PARSE_FIELD(uint32_t, image_header->width); PARSE_FIELD(uint32_t, image_header->height); PARSE_FIELD(uint8_t, image_header->bit_depth); if (!is_valid_bit_depth(image_header->bit_depth)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR("Invalid bitdepth: %d", image_header->bit_depth); return false; } PARSE_FIELD(uint8_t, image_header->colour_type); PARSE_FIELD(uint8_t, image_header->compression_method); PARSE_FIELD(uint8_t, image_header->filter_method); PARSE_FIELD(uint8_t, image_header->interlace_method); long read_data_length = ParsingContext_cursor_position(ctx) - data_start; ASSERT(read_data_length == length); if (!ParsingContext_validate_crc_if_required(ctx)) { return false; } return true; } bool parse_IDAT_chunk(DeflateDecompressor *ctx, uint32_t data_length, ImageData *image_data) { ASSERT(ctx != NULL); ASSERT(image_data != NULL); image_data->data = realloc(image_data->data, data_length); ParsingContext_parse_bytes(ctx, data_length, &image_data->data[image_data->length]); image_data->length = data_length; if (!ParsingContext_validate_crc_if_required(ctx)) { return false; } return true; } uint32_t uint32_t_to_le(uint32_t value) { char *value_bytes = (char *)&value; return (value_bytes[0] << 24) + (value_bytes[1] << 16) + (value_bytes[2] << 8) + value_bytes[3]; } uint8_t none_reconstruction_function(uint8_t recon_a, uint8_t recon_b, uint8_t recon_c, uint8_t x) { (void)recon_a; (void)recon_b; (void)recon_c; return x; } uint8_t sub_reconstruction_function(uint8_t recon_a, uint8_t recon_b, uint8_t recon_c, uint8_t x) { (void)recon_b; (void)recon_c; return x + recon_a; } uint8_t up_reconstruction_function(uint8_t recon_a, uint8_t recon_b, uint8_t recon_c, uint8_t x) { (void)recon_a; (void)recon_c; return x + recon_b; } uint8_t average_reconstruction_function(uint8_t recon_a, uint8_t recon_b, uint8_t recon_c, uint8_t x) { (void)recon_c; uint16_t sum = (recon_a + recon_b) / 2u; return x + sum; } uint8_t paeth_predictor(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c) { int16_t p = a + b - c; int16_t pa = abs(p - a); int16_t pb = abs(p - b); int16_t pc = abs(p - c); uint8_t pr; if (pa <= pb && pa <= pc) { pr = a; } else if (pb <= pc) { pr = b; } else { pr = c; } return pr; } uint8_t paeth_reconstruction_function(uint8_t recon_a, uint8_t recon_b, uint8_t recon_c, uint8_t x) { return x + paeth_predictor(recon_a, recon_b, recon_c); } typedef uint8_t (*ReconstructionFn)(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t); static const ReconstructionFn reconstruction_functions[] = { none_reconstruction_function, sub_reconstruction_function, up_reconstruction_function, average_reconstruction_function, paeth_reconstruction_function}; void apply_reconstruction_functions_to_scanline( uint8_t *output_scanline, const uint8_t *input_scanline, const uint8_t *previous_output_scanline, size_t filter_type, size_t scanline_size, size_t bytes_per_pixel) { ASSERT(output_scanline != NULL); ASSERT(input_scanline != NULL); ASSERT(filter_type < sizeof(reconstruction_functions) / sizeof(ReconstructionFn)); for (size_t i = 0; i < scanline_size / bytes_per_pixel; i++) { for (size_t byte = 0; byte < bytes_per_pixel; byte++) { size_t pixel_base = i * bytes_per_pixel; uint8_t a = 0; if (i > 0) { a = output_scanline[pixel_base - bytes_per_pixel + byte]; } uint8_t b = 0; uint8_t c = 0; if (previous_output_scanline != NULL) { b = previous_output_scanline[pixel_base + byte]; if (i > 0) { c = previous_output_scanline[pixel_base - bytes_per_pixel + byte]; } } uint8_t x = input_scanline[pixel_base + byte]; output_scanline[pixel_base + byte] = reconstruction_functions[filter_type](a, b, c, x); } } } void apply_reconstruction_functions(LisPng *image, const uint8_t *decompressed_data_buffer) { ASSERT(image != NULL); ASSERT(decompressed_data_buffer != NULL); size_t sample_count = LisPngColourType_sample_count(image->colour_type); size_t bits_per_pixel = (image->bits_per_sample * sample_count); size_t bytes_per_pixel = bits_per_pixel / 8; if (image->bits_per_sample < 8) { bytes_per_pixel = 1; } size_t scanline_size = image->width * bits_per_pixel / 8; for (size_t scanline = 0; scanline < image->height; scanline++) { size_t output_scanline_start = scanline_size * scanline; size_t input_scanline_start = (scanline_size + 1) * scanline; uint8_t filter_type = decompressed_data_buffer[input_scanline_start]; const uint8_t *previous_output_scanline = NULL; if (scanline > 0) { size_t previous_output_scanline_start = scanline_size * (scanline - 1); previous_output_scanline = &image->data[previous_output_scanline_start]; } apply_reconstruction_functions_to_scanline( &image->data[output_scanline_start], &decompressed_data_buffer[input_scanline_start + 1], previous_output_scanline, filter_type, scanline_size, bytes_per_pixel); } } LisPng *LisPng_decode(FILE *stream) { LisPng *png = malloc(sizeof(LisPng)); DeflateDecompressor ctx; DeflateDecompressor_init(&ctx, stream); uint8_t parsed_png_signature[PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH]; if (!ParsingContext_parse_bytes(&ctx, PNG_SIGNATURE_LENGTH, parsed_png_signature)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Couldn't parse signature"); goto err; } if (!matches_png_signature(parsed_png_signature)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Invalid signature"); goto err; } ImageHeader header; if (!parse_IHDR_chunk(&ctx, &header)) { goto err; } ImageHeader_print_image_header(&header); ImageData image_data = {0}; size_t parsed_data_chunk_count = 0; bool end_reached = false; while (!end_reached) { uint32_t length; if (!ParsingContext_parse_uint32_t(&ctx, &length)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Couldn't parse chunk length"); goto cleanup_data; } ParsingContext_crc_reset(&ctx); uint32_t type; if (!ParsingContext_parse_uint32_t(&ctx, &type)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Couldn't parse chunk type"); goto cleanup_data; } #ifdef LPNG_DEBUG_LOG uint32_t type_le = uint32_t_to_le(type); LPNG_LOG_DBG("Parsing %.4s chunk", (char *)&type_le); LPNG_LOG_DBG("Chunk length: %u", length); #endif switch (type) { case IDAT_CHUNK_TYPE: if (!parse_IDAT_chunk(&ctx, length, &image_data)) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Couldn't parse IDAT chunk"); goto cleanup_data; } parsed_data_chunk_count++; break; case IEND_CHUNK_TYPE: end_reached = true; ParsingContext_skip_bytes(&ctx, sizeof(uint32_t)); break; default: LPNG_LOG_DBG0("Unknown chunk type, skipping chunk..."); ParsingContext_skip_bytes(&ctx, length + sizeof(uint32_t)); break; } } if (parsed_data_chunk_count == 0) { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("No IDAT chunk found, at least one is required"); goto cleanup_data; } LPNG_LOG_DBG("Data length: %zu", image_data.length); png->width = header.width; png->height = header.height; png->colour_type = header.colour_type; png->bits_per_sample = header.bit_depth; size_t output_length; uint8_t *output_buffer = zlib_decompress(image_data.data, image_data.length, &output_length); png->data = output_buffer; apply_reconstruction_functions(png, output_buffer); free(image_data.data); return png; cleanup_data: free(image_data.data); err: return NULL; } #undef PARSE_FIELD void LisPng_destroy(LisPng *png) { free(png->data); free(png); } void LisPng_dump_ppm(const LisPng *png) { ASSERT(png != NULL); printf("P3\n"); printf("%zu %zu\n", png->width, png->height); printf("%d\n", (1 << png->bits_per_sample) - 1); size_t sample_count = LisPngColourType_sample_count(png->colour_type); size_t bits_per_pixel = png->bits_per_sample * sample_count; size_t bytes_per_pixel = bits_per_pixel / 8; if (png->bits_per_sample < 8) { bytes_per_pixel = 1; } for (size_t pixel_index = 0; pixel_index < png->height * png->width; pixel_index++) { size_t pixel_base = pixel_index * bytes_per_pixel; if (png->colour_type == LisPngColourType_Greyscale) { if (bits_per_pixel == 16) { uint16_t grey = (png->data[pixel_base] << 8) | png->data[pixel_base + 1]; printf("%u %u %u\n", grey, grey, grey); } else { size_t absolute_bit_offset = pixel_index * bits_per_pixel; size_t byte_offset = absolute_bit_offset / 8; size_t relative_bit_offset = absolute_bit_offset % 8; uint8_t grey = (png->data[byte_offset] >> (7 - relative_bit_offset - (bits_per_pixel - 1))) & ((1 << bits_per_pixel) - 1); printf("%u %u %u\n", grey, grey, grey); } } else if (png->colour_type == LisPngColourType_Truecolour) { if (png->bits_per_sample == 16) { uint16_t r = (png->data[pixel_base] << 8) | png->data[pixel_base + 1]; uint16_t g = (png->data[pixel_base + 2] << 8) | png->data[pixel_base + 3]; uint16_t b = (png->data[pixel_base + 4] << 8) | png->data[pixel_base + 5]; printf("%u %u %u\n", r, g, b); } else { uint8_t r = png->data[pixel_base]; uint8_t g = png->data[pixel_base + 1]; uint8_t b = png->data[pixel_base + 2]; printf("%u %u %u\n", r, g, b); } } else { LPNG_LOG_ERR0("Unsupported colour type"); exit(1); } } }